1) afaik theoddbot's library set comes with libfreetype.a
2) order of -l is important, but as you only give the errors, not the invocation of the compiler/linker, can't check it. please be complete! it's hard enough as it is... probably you just need to add -lSDL somewhere more downstream...
3) first try to get things working from the command line, then make a simple script to automate the build, then learn about make and makefiles, not the other way around...
You can memorize multiplication tables, but it's hard to do multiplication if you don't know about addition, or even the meaning of those funny symbols like 0, 4, 7 etc.